
Newfoundland salt-cod-and-hardtack dish — salt cod desalted overnight, hardtack (ship's biscuit) soaked overnight, both boiled separately, mashed together with onions browned in rendered salt-pork fat ('scrunchions'). The 17th-century North Atlantic dry-cod fishing-fleet meal; survival food that became identity food.
Brought by 17th-century West Country English fishermen who set up fishing stations on Newfoundland's south coast. The dish IS the survival diet: salt cod and hardtack were the only foods that survived 6-month ocean voyages. After the fishery declined in the 20th century, fish and brewis became a deliberate Newfoundland-identity marker; now served at every traditional Newfoundland-tourism kitchen party.
Spoon scoops cod + brewis + onion + scrunchion together. Cod is mildly salty (after desalting), flaky white; brewis has reconstituted into a soft starchy mass with the texture of well-cooked oatmeal but neutral-savory. Onions are sweet-soft from the long render-fat braise; scrunchions add intermittent crunches of crisped salt-pork crackling. The molasses on the side is the traditional drizzle that lifts the savory mass into a complete meal.
Salt cod's desalt-and-rehydrate process exchanges salt for water through osmotic equilibrium — the multiple water changes are necessary because the diffusion gradient slows as the salt content drops. Hardtack's reconstitution works the opposite way: the dry biscuit's starch needs hours of cold-water contact to fully hydrate without dissolving. Combining both rehydrated components with rendered pork fat creates the dish's hallmark salt-fat-starch balance.
Variations
Northern Peninsula variant adds chunks of fried salt-pork belly alongside the scrunchions. Pre-modern shipboard version skipped the onion (no fresh produce on long voyages). Modern Newfoundland kitchen-party version drizzles the molasses on top during plating rather than serving it on the side.
On the Palate
Where Fish and Brewis sits in the Canadian flavor cloud
Ingredients
Serves 4How it's made
7 steps · 1 hour active + 1 day waiting
- 11440 min
Day before: desalt 500 g salt cod by soaking in cold water 12-24 hours, changing water 3-4 times.
Watch outTaste a tiny piece near the end—if still salty, keep changing the water.
- 21 min
Same time: soak 300 g hardtack (or substitute crackers/biscotti) in cold water 8 hours until soft.
- 312 min
Day of: drain cod, place in a pot, cover with cold water. Bring to gentle simmer 10 min until just cooked. Drain, flake into chunks (remove skin and bones).
Watch outJust a gentle simmer, not a rolling boil—pull the cod the moment it flakes.
- 43 min
Drain brewis (soaked hardtack), squeeze gently to remove excess water but not crush.
- 511 min
Scrunchions: dice 150 g salt pork (or fat bacon) into 5 mm cubes. Render in dry skillet over medium 10 min until deeply golden and crisp. Remove crunchy bits.
Watch outPork bits should be deep golden and crunchy before you lift them out.
- 67 min
In rendered fat, sauté 1 diced onion 6 min until soft.
- 73 min
Combine cod + brewis in a wide bowl. Top with cooked onions, scrunchions, and a drizzle of the rendered fat. Serve immediately with strong tea and molasses on the side.





